He completed his elementary education in ras hilue yesedike elementary school and high school education in belay zeleke senior secondary school in bichena, gojam. The spreadsheet data filter facility was employed to determine frequencies of citations so as to identify the most common ailments in the study area, popularly used medicinal plant species and multipurpose plant species, to determine proportions of different variables like. Land use and land cover change lulcc refers to human modification of the terrestrial surface of the earth. A thesis submitted for the degree of phd at the university of. Assessment of wetland flora and avifauna species diversity. Ownership, equity, and liberty in land use rights fig working week 2012 knowing to manage the territory, protect the environment, evaluate the cultural heritage rome, italy, 610 may 2012 land owned by the government was distributed to different people on. Thesis submitted for partial fulfillment of the requirements of msc degree in earth surface and water, utrecht university, utrecht. But, in the years 19111918, wetland cultivation has extended beyond the use of wetland margins. Threats and opportunities to major rift valley lakes wetlands. Analyzing the rate of land use and land cover change and determining the causes of forest cover change in gog district, gambella regional state, ethiopia obang owar othow1, sintayehu legesse gebre 2 and dessalegn obsi gemeda 2 1department of geography and environmental studies, jimma university, jimma, ethiopia. Book chepter biodiversity status in ethiopia and challenges. Pdf summary wetlands are a very important aspect of the environmental resource base of ethiopia.
If, however, you find that the saturated zone is not close to the soil surface, this does not necessarily mean that the area is not a wetland. As a tool for decisionmaking, eia emerged in 1969 in the us and it has now obtained a wide acceptance around the world. The project sustainable wetland management in illubabor zone, southwest ethiopia was run by the ethiopian wetland research programme between april 1997 and june 2000. The worlds surface freshwater wetland is rich in species composition and serves as a habitat for more than 40% of plant and animal species zedler and kercher 2005. Wetland management and wise use for carbon sequestration. For example, high rates of extraction for agricultural use will affect the amount of water flowing out of a wetland, not just the amount in the wetland itself. Because most activities that occur in coastal wetlands are regulated by the corps andor state wetland programs, coastal wetlands are reasonably well protected. Cws could bring major economic benefits to developing countries. Although complete documentation is lacking, wetlands make a significant part of ethiopia covering an area of,700 km2. Fao land use map of 1984 identifies only two types. While water is a major factor of wetland definition ramsar. Addis ababa, the capital, is the third highest capital city in the world, with an elevation of 2,000 meters. Enlarging may be for best viewing around 30% works nicely for standard computer screens.
Ecological conditions and ecosystem services of wetlands in. Wetlands and people international water management. Improved understanding of how to use these principles and planning steps will help achieve more effective conservation and thus wetland wise use. We assessed changes in ecosystem services from land use conversions during the period 19182006 in the donana marshland and estuary in southwestern spain, one of the largest european wetlands. Pdf determinants of household wetland resources use and. Two sets of aerial photograph 1957 and 1985 and a multispectral spot5 image 2005 were used as inputs to produce three gisbased land cover maps of the study area. Quantifying the hydrologic response of land use land cover change lulcc is of paramount importance to improve land management. Status, threats and management of wetlands in the lake tana subbasin. Many animals, especially birds, use wetlands as a source of food, water and shelter but do. Wetland ecosystems in ethiopia and their implications in. World wetlands day, 2 february, is the day that the world comes together to recognise.
A thesis abstract should consist of 350 words or less including the heading. The paper suggests some rules of thumb for identifying the priority areas for government and donor intervention, including the need for targeted research on the productivity. Proceedings of a seminar on the resources and status of wetlands in ethiopia view or download hydrogeochemical and lake level changes in the ethiopian rift view or download water balance of lake tana and its sensitivity to fluctuations in rainfall, blue nile basin, ethiopia view or download. This study aims to analyse the vegetation community structure of a wetland near assosa, the capital of the region. Smallscale constructed wetlands for greywater and total. Abebe and kim gehebeditors iucn the world conservation union founded in 1948, the world conservation union brings together states, government agencies and a diverse range of nongovernmental organisations. A thesis submitted for the degree of phd at the university. Conclusions as with all natural resource management issues, poverty and gender are important dimensions of wetland use and transformation. Master thesis in integrated water resource management 30cr. File sizes may be rather large 26 mb and may take longer to load over slower internet connections.
Land use change is a major driver behind the loss of ecosystem services. People use wetland soils for agriculture, they catch wetland fish to eat, and they cut wetland trees for timber and fuel wood and wetland reeds to make mats and to thatch roofs. As soil becomes increasingly wet, the water starts to, fill the space. Direct use may also take the form of recreation, such as bird watching or sailing, or scientific study shumway and caroly a, 1999. Their use and regulation tionwide by about 50 percent, or 50,000 acres of wetlands per year, primarily through project modifications. Currently in accordance with the charities and societies proclamation. Today, theres a growing concern to conserve and use wetlands in a sustainable way. Constructed wetlands are designed to take advantage of the chemical and biological processes of natural wetlands to remove contaminants from the wastewater skousen 2004. Pdf status, threats and management of wetlands in the. Constructed wetland treatment systems use rooted wetland plants and shallow, flooded or saturated soil to provide wastewater treatment. Southern regional state rural land administration and use proclamation no.
Turning finance into services for 2015 and beyond significant human resource capacity challenges, in particular at woreda that is, district level, despite large but disparate programbased capacity building initiatives. Many animals, especially birds, use wetlands as a source of food, water and shelter but do not rely entirely on wetlands as their habitat. Effects of landuse change on wetland ecosystem services. Sustainability of wetland resources requires proenvironmental behavior of use and management. Its areas of focus in ethiopia are environment and capacity building.
Wetlands and food security in southwest ethiopia policy and extension briefing note 4 wetland institutions and sustainable use summary wetland use usually involves people with different, and possibly competing, interests, working within a linked system where the action of one person can affect the benefits to others. Ethiopia, wetlands are ranked among the most threatened ecosystems. Similarly, berry 2003 also stated that loss of land resource productivity is an important problem in ethiopia. This study examins determinants of household wetland resources use and management behavior in the. Exploring the wetlands of ethiopia carleton university. This thesis is part of a larger ongoing study of the vegetation of benishangul gumuz. The study was conducted over the first three days of october 2005, at the end of the rainy season in western ethiopia. Sustainable wetland management for food security and rural. In ethiopia, wetlands will continue to play an important role in the lives of a large proportion of the population in one way or another.
Box 68200 nairobi kenya an introduction to wetlands wetlands are ecosystems or units of the landscape that are found on the interface between land and water. Hawassa storm water treatment project environmental impact assessment report. Consultation with local community members involved in the wetland survey, march 2012. Description of the proposed wetland development project. Land free fulltext land use and land cover change in.
Ethiopia is one of the most well endowed countries in subsaharan africa in terms of natural resources gete et al. Both climate variability and change have been occurring in ethiopia. Wetlands are more valuable economic resources in their natural state for certain objectives such as fishing, wildlife enhancement, aquaculture, water quality improvement and flood control, compared to the gains from a modified wetland, barbier, 1994. Many plant species grow well in wetlands due to the ample water and nutrients they provide, but are not obligate wetland. Biodiversity status in ethiopia and challenges husen et al. Tesfau msc final draft thesis aauetd addis ababa university. Ethiopia water and sanitation profile 1 sector overview ethiopia s 81 million people have one of africas lowest rates of access to water supply, sanitation, and hygiene despite abundant surface and groundwater resources. This study was carried out to analyze the effect of lulcc on water quality and quantity. However, natural resource degradation in ethiopia has been going on for centuries hurni et al. Thesis research by nahom ephrem submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of master of science msc. Ethnobotanical data were entered in to excel spreadsheet and summarized using descriptive statistics. Lack of awareness is the major cause of the increasing deterioration of biodiversity in urban areas of developing countries anibal pauchard, 2005. On having consulted this thesis youre accepting the following use conditions. Review on the natural conditions and anthropogenic threats.
To view pdf files of selected project posters, simply click on the title of the thesis project. Constructed wetlands are an effective, environmentally friendly means of treating liquid and solid waste. Wetlands of ethiopia centre for wetlands, environment. The project reports are now released for public consultation following approval of the final reports by the european union which provided the majority of the funds for this. Experience in ethiopia a thesis submitted to the school of graduate studies of addis ababa university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in economics international economics by kibrom tafere june, 2008 addis ababa. This paper gives the status of the wetland using the concepts. As thesis research advisor i hereby certify that i have evaluated this thesis.
A good wetland was a drained one, free of this mixture of dubious social factors, dugan, 1990. Smallscale constructed wetlands for greywater and total domestic wastewater treatment version 1, march 14th, 2008 1 1 introduction 1. The government should start restoration activities that involve the interest of the local community for promoting wetland. Wetlands degradation in ethiopia is closely linked to the development of urban centers countrywide. Wetland management planning a guide for site managers. Beyond working exploring the wetlands of ethiopia the very rare shoebill balaeniceps rex. Patterns, causes and consequences of land usecover dynamics. The interviewers tried to use an indirect approach to address the wetland ecosystem services with the interviewers, especially the regulating and supportive services. Assessment of water, sanitation, and hygiene practice and associated factors among people living with hivaids home based care services in gondar city ethiopia. Wetlands potential, current situation and its threats in tana. Wetlands of ethiopia 62 agricultural development in illubabor zone. Ethiopia s wetlands make up an estimated 11 250 km 2, which is over 1% of the countrys surface area, and comprise an estimated 3a7% of the surface area of amhara state where the current study. Wetland habitats such as swamps, marshes, flood plains, natural and manmade ponds, microdams, high mountains and volcanic crater lake, and upland bogs are distributed all over, occurring across all other ecosystems of ethiopia.
Less 5% of the water in rivers is used within ethiopia steenhuis 12 et al, 2009 but it is expected that water use mainly for irrigation will increase in the future ca, 2007. Eia is one of the means that decisionmakers use to consider the impact of their actions on the environment. They provide economical, ecological, societal and recreational benefits to humans. Dubeaus research in ethiopia has been a collaborative venture. Ethiopia is often referred to as the water tower of africa creating an extensive wetland system throughout the country. The economic benefits and services provided by wetland ecosystems are frequently overlooked by 1. Land degradation and rehabilitation in ethiopia society at large is also suffering from uncertain information about the rates of land use change and land degradation. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in mana angetu. This thesis is part of a larger ongoing study of the vegetation of benishangul gumuz national regional state.
Impacts of urban development on wetlands environmental. The negative impact of lulcc on biodiversity, climate, water, soil, and air, in particular, and on ecosystem services in general, has been recognized as one of the greatest environmental concerns for human populations today. Aug 19, 2015 yallew ww, terefe mw, herchline te, sharma hr, bitew bd, kifle mw, et al. Status, threats and management of wetlands in the lake tana.
Our ethiopian history of ethiopia experts can research and write a new, oneofakind, original dissertation, thesis, or research proposaljust for youon the precise ethiopian history of ethiopia topic of your choice. In illubabur zone, south west ethiopia, where many and extended wetlands are found there was no act of cultivation around the periphery of the wetlands before the entrance of 20 century hailu 1998. Focal group discussions fgds were conducted in each wetland to obtain information on the local wetland status and ess, resource use plant and water, and major human activities. The iucn seminar on the wetlands of ethiopia acknowledges the generous support of the royal. In parts of ethiopia, uganda and rwanda, small areas. Socioeconomic surveys, focus group discussion and field. Lulcc of the watershed in 1986, 1999 and 2011 was analyzed from landsat satellite images using supervised classification. College of agriculture and environmental sciences graduate program characterization of sheep fattening cooperatives in ethiopia. Ethiopian history of ethiopia master thesis examples. You may be in a temporary wetland and you will need to wait for some months before water is visible close to the soil surface. Wetlands are ecosystems in which water covers the land. Like in most developing countries, wetlands in ethiopia are facing increasing pressure of transformation to alternative uses for grazing and agricultural production 6,7.
S ubsurface flow constructed wetlands for the treatment of. Its terrain includes vast, remote lowlands, and high, isolated plateaus. This thesis addresses historical and contemporary visual representations in maps, books, and photographs in order to explore how looking at imagery defines not only what is known about ethiopia and ethiopian people, but also how that knowledge operates in specific cultural contexts. Ethiopia wetlands and natural resources association. Generalized highland landscape moderate slope flat land plateau valleys deforestation overstocking foodfeed shortage expansion of cropping soil erosion overstocking foodfeed. Private industry and other land users resulting in distorted decisions. Wetlands of ethiopia proceedings of a seminar on the resources and status of in ethiopias wetlands yilma d. The composition of storm water varies greatly, depending on the surrounding land use. Past environmental studies senior thesis projects csbsju. These are wetland dependent organisms, and are those most at risk if a wetland is threatened. There should be a clear demarcation between wetlands and other land use types so that people cant degrade and convert wetlands as they like.
Pdf issue 1 the role and importance of wetlands in ethiopia. Impact of land cover change on water quality and stream. For example, urban runoff may contain soil particles, dissolved nutrients, heavy metals and petroleum products. Wetlands with a great potential for ecotourism development in the country include the rift valley lakes, the floodplains in gambella. A comparative study from kuhar michael and lenche dima of blue nile and awash basins of ethiopia a thesis presented to the faculty of the graduate school of cornell university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of professional studies by hussien ali oumer. Wetlands and food security in western ethiopia wetland action. Impact of land cover change on water quality and stream flow. Wetlands play critical ecosystem roles such as biodiversity conservation, hydrological balance, and human welfare ramsar, 2007, zakaria et al.
In ethiopia, wetlands are distributed in almost all ecological and altitudinal ranges covering approximately 1. Accordingly, most countries have provided for some form of eia to ensure environmental protection. Wetlands international and boskalis, the global dredging and marine contractor, will intensify collaboration to enhance and restore coastal wetland habitat that not only support coastal 30 january 2020. The construction of wetland is offer a suitable combination of physical. Sustainable land use forum sluf is a local ngo established in. In relation to these challenges, the following priority actions. Ethiopian biodiversity institute wetland ecosystem. Wetlands are a little studied part of this vegetation, and have not been subject to ecological analysis before.
Improving management of shoreline and riparian wetland. Abebe regional wetlands programme iucn eastern africa regional office p. Jones begin the abstract here, typewritten and doublespaced. Assessment of water, sanitation, and hygiene practices and. In september 1993 he enrolled at debre berhan teacher training institute and completed a certificate of teaching in primary school in july 1994.
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